A four-vector (x,y,z,t) consisting of coordinate axes such as a Euclidean space plus time may be used with the non-inertial frame to illustrate specifics of motion, but should not be confused with the spacetime model generally. In mathematical physics, Minkowski space (or Minkowski spacetime) ( / m ɪ ŋ ˈ k ɔː f s k i, - ˈ k ɒ f-/ ) combines inertial space and time manifolds (x,y) with a non-inertial reference frame of space and time (x',t') into a four-dimensional model relating a position ( inertial frame of reference) to the field (physics). Hermann Minkowski (1864–1909) found that the theory of special relativity, introduced by his former student Albert Einstein, could be best understood as a four-dimensional space, since known as the Minkowski spacetime.
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